Drilling mud, also called drilling fluid , in petroleum engineering, a heavy, viscous fluid mixture that is used in oil and gas drilling operations to carry rock cuttings to the surface and also to lubricate and cool the drill bit. The drilling mud, by hydrostatic pressure, also helps prevent the collapse of unstable strata into the borehole and the intrusion of water from water-bearing strata that may be encountered.
Drilling muds are traditionally based on water, either fresh water, seawater, naturally occurring brines, or prepared brines. Many muds are oil-based, using direct products of petroleum refining such as diesel oil or mineral oil as the fluid matrix. In addition, various so-called synthetic-based muds are prepared using highly refined fluid compounds that are made to more-exacting property specifications than traditional petroleum-based oils. In general, water-based muds are satisfactory for the less-demanding drilling of conventional vertical wells at medium depths, whereas oil-based muds are better for greater depths or in directional or horizontal drilling, which place greater stress on the drilling apparatus. Synthetic-based muds were developed in response to environmental concerns over oil-based fluids, though all drilling muds are highly regulated in their composition, and in some cases specific combinations are banned from use in certain environments.
A typical water-based drilling mud contains a clay, usually bentonite, to give it enough viscosity to carry cutting chips to the surface, as well as a mineral such as barite barium sulfate) to increase the weight of the column enough to stabilize the borehole. Smaller quantities of hundreds of other ingredients might be added, such as caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) to increase alkalinity and decrease corrosion, salts such as potassium chloride to reduce infiltration of water from the drilling fluid into the rock formation, and various petroleum-derived drilling lubricants. Oil- and synthetic-based muds contain water (usually a brine), bentonite and barite for viscosity and weight, and various emulsifiers and detergents for lubricity.
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Drilling Machinery
Drilling mud is pumped down the hollow drill pipe to the drill bit, where it exits the pipe and then is flushed back up the borehole to the surface. For economic and environmental reasons, oil- and synthetic-based muds are usually cleaned and recirculated (though some muds, particularly water-based muds, can be discharged into the surrounding environment in a regulated manner). Larger drill cuttings are removed by passing the returned mud through one or more vibrating screens, and sometimes fine cuttings are removed by passing the mud through centrifuges. Cleaned mud is blended with new mud for reuse down the borehole.
Drilling fluids are also employed in the drilling of water wells.
we produce different types of FLC (Floid loss control) for oil well drilling industry such as Gilsonite, Barite , Bentonite, High Density Iron Ore and Starch.The company developed these products in Oil Well Drilling
What is Starch?
What is starch Aplications?
Eagle Petrochem produce different types of FLC (Floid loss control)for oil well drilling industry such as Gilsonite, Barite , Bentonite, High Density Iron Ore and Starch
The company developed these products in Oil Well Drilling and Paper Industries with different types of modified starches based on corn, wheat, potato and tapioca.
Grade of Starch:
The products include Low Viscosity starch known as LV Starch, High Viscous starch known as HV Starch and High Temperature starch known as HT Starch.
In below you will find the specification of the mentioned material:
LV Starch : This material which support the temperature from 160˚F to 220˚F in mud weight of 100 to 150 PCF can control the water loss perfectly in low viscous drilling mud.
The PH varies from 6 to 8 and the yield point can be change based on customer requirements.
HV Starch: This material which support the temperature from 160˚F to 200˚F in mud weight of 100 to 150 PCF can control the water loss perfectly in high viscous drilling mud.
The PH varies from 6 to 8 and the yield point can be change based on customer requirements.
HT Starch: This material made to control the fluid loss in high temperature drilling and thanks to the specific modification, tolerates the temperature up to 300˚F and achieved a very good result after 8 hours of rolling.
Beside the above material the R D department developed the new products for the Low Weight muds. The new product that known as LW is suitable to use in off shore drilling and control the fluid loss very efficiently.
Another product which is recently developed is the Yield Breaker that act as the thinner with so many advantages above the oil based thinners.
The yield breaker is an environment friendly material that can drop the yield of the drilling mud without make changes on fluid loss and the PH of the drilling mud. Also it can make the profit in drilling with its very competitive price compare to the normal thinners.
All the above drilling materials pass the API standard and can be aligned to our customer requirements.
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